It is difficult to provide an exact body count to attribute to Macbeth and Lady Macbeth.
We know that Macbeth was no stranger to violence based on his prowess on the battlefield. For example, in act 1, scene 2 we are told that the “merciless Macdonwald” had fought Macbeth. The result was that Macbeth, “unseam'd him from the nave to th' chops, and fix'd his head upon our battlements.” Bloody stuff! It is safe to assume that Macbeth killed many other enemy combatants as well, due to his fierce reputation as a warrior. Macbeth’s actions on the battlefield are honorable; he defends Scotland with his sword and, had the play ended there, Macbeth would be viewed as a hero!
However, after hearing the prophecies of the Weird Sisters and being shamed by his wife, Macbeth murders King Duncan. This regicide sparks a deepening bloodbath, as Macbeth kills the drunken guards who Lady Macbeth had intended to frame for the murder. He then murders his friend, Banquo to forestall the second predictions from the witches. Following the witches’ advice to “Beware MacDuff, Beware the Thane of Fife,” Macbeth attacks Macduff’s defenseless castle and murders MacDuff’s entire family, including the servants.
During the final battle, even when Macbeth continues to slay men on the battlefield. Young Siward, the eager young son of the English general, is cut down by Macbeth’s sword before the tyrant is finally vanquished.
Although impossible to determine exact casualty figures for Macbeth’s reign, the list of named characters killed by Macbeth in the play include:
- King Duncan - Banquo- Lady MacDuff- Lady MacDuff’s Son- Young Seward
Remember, this does not include the unnamed guards, servants, and members of MacDuff’s family. Macbeth is accurate when he claims he is steeped in blood in act 3!
It should be noted that, although Lady Macbeth is complicit in the murder of Duncan, there is no evidence that she was directly involved in the other deaths. In fact, Macbeth seems to increasingly hide his violent plans from his wife. Whether or not Macbeth can be blamed for his wife’s suicide is another interesting avenue to ponder. Perhaps Lady Macbeth herself should be included on the above list!
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