What is the moral of chapter 10?

Let's start with a working definition of "moral." The moral of a story, or in this case chapter, is more or less the lesson or principle that the author wishes to convey to a reader. If you are a first-time reader of The Giver, then I think finding a moral lesson from chapter 10 is likely to be difficult. The reason for that is because first-time readers are still basically clueless as to what Receiver of Memory actually is. Chapter 10 has Jonas meeting the Giver for the very first time, and next to nothing has been explained to Jonas or the readers. Readers that have completed the book can probably look back at chapter 10 and find a moral from the comment the Giver makes about the weight of memory and wisdom.

"It is how wisdom comes. And how we shape our future."
He rested for a moment, breathing deeply. ''I am so weighted with them," he said.

Readers will come to realize that the Giver holds all of the memory and emotions of many generations of people. His society consults him on certain historical things, and he aids the current society by keeping track of the past. Chapter 10 shows readers that holding wisdom and knowledge is no easy task. It is stressful to be the voice of wisdom because a lot of responsibility is placed upon that person, and chapter 10 shows readers that bearing that load is a lot of work and doesn't come for free. I think chapter 10 also teaches readers that it is a mistake to put so much weight on a single person.