What problems does Douglass identify in "Reconstruction"?

Douglass identified the need to end poverty and illiteracy among former slaves and white supremacist terrorists and state governments as the greatest problems facing America. He proposed as solutions granting and protecting the right to vote for blacks, local self-rule for blacks, and founding a state designed to be a refuge for blacks.
After Lincoln's murder by John Wilkes Booth, he was succeeded by arguably the most racist man to ever be president, Andrew Johnson. Johnson ended the successful return of land to ex-slaves, pardoned many Confederate soldiers, and fired generals enforcing the law in Southern states. Former slaves were almost all illiterate. It had actually been illegal for them to learn to read and illegal to teach them. The infant mortality rate among slaves was double that of free people. White supremacists quickly passed Black Codes, and then Jim Crow Laws, which required black Americans to sign contracts for low wages. Those without a contract were jailed and sentenced to forced labor, a de facto return to slavery.
Douglass led the push for black votes, the 14th and 15th Amendments. He supported General John Fremont of the Radical Democrats and then General US Grant as the next president. He was the first black delegate to the Republican Party. He supported Grant's use of federal troops to break up the KKK in Georgia and South Carolina with 5,000 arrests.
He also became charge d'affair for the US to the Dominican Republic. He and Grant proposed annexing the nation to become a US state, one designed to be a refuge for former US slaves. Their belief was that the loss of black labor in Southern states would make plantation owners raise wages and offer better treatment of their workers. The plan fell through because of the Dominican public's opposition and a corrupt Dominican president.
Most of the solutions had limited success, even the constitutional amendments that would not be enforced until the 1950s and 60s. In the Compromise of 1877, the Republican Party sold out black voters. They agreed to no longer defend or support black civil rights in exchange for Democrats allowing the election of 1876 to be stolen. Blacks were on their own until the New Deal and WWII.
White supremacists continued lynching and driving blacks away from the voting booth. In spite of this, the black community could point to huge successes: black-owned businesses, over 35,000 black churches, sixty black newspapers, black schools, and one out of nine blacks owning land.
Douglass ran for vice president for the Equal Rights Party in 1876. He then became US Marshall for Washington DC. He continued writing and public speaking—in his words, "agitating"—for the rest of his life.