what keywords and phrases show Oedipus' pride?

There are quite a few phrases. I am not sure about just keywords because out of context, anything can be taken as such.

"You pray to the gods? Let me grant your prayers."

Oedipus clearly considers himself on the level of the gods. By asking if someone prays to the gods and then stating that he will "grant [their] prayers," he is likening himself to some omnipotent force.

"Pride breeds the tyrant violent pride"

Here you have the chorus, who is responsible for supplying information to the reader, directly commenting on the fact that Oedipus is a tyrant and full of pride.

“I count myself the son of Chance, the great goddess, giver of all good things—I'll never see myself disgraced”

Oedipus finds out that the people that raised him were not is biological parents, so his logical step is to think that the Goddess Chance is his mother. He thinks because he has reaped so many blessings, that it is only logical that he was born of a goddess and therefore, divinely favored.