Tuesday, July 17, 2012

Did most common people in colonial America want a revolution?

One of the popular myths in American colonial history is the notion that nearly everyone wanted independence from Great Britain. If polling had been available in the 1700s, we would probably have a better idea of what the colonists were thinking. Those who chose to remain committed to the British were known as Loyalists and considered to be traitors by the Patriots supporting revolution. In the absence of polling, we do have primary source material in the form of newspapers, pamphlets, and the writing of the early leaders of the American colonies which disputes the idea that revolution was the preferred and only course for the colonies to address their concerns with the British government.
Some of the early leaders preferred a negotiated settlement with the British to avoid war. Keep in mind the first causes of the call for independence was due to trade, taxation, and economic issues. The British compounded what first was a dispute regarding financial matters into a revolution, with their indifference and arrogance towards legitimate issues affecting colonial economics. The broader concerns of civil liberties of the colonists became more relevant as a negotiated settlement of trade, and taxation became less probable.
The typical colonist was a farmer. Place yourself in their boots. Farming was a year-round endeavor. Revolution potentially would result in the interruption of agriculture. Farm labor would be reduced, as the younger laborers would join with militias and military. Wealthy landowners would be commissioned in a non-combat or support role, avoiding the prospect of becoming a casualty. Without labors, farms would not be able to operate. Wealthy farm owners would find themselves unable to support other colonial endeavors, as they would no longer have the funds to continue to support them.
General George Washington called the men choosing to remain home as the “Chimney Corner.” Recruiting and retention was not an easy task. General Washington, at one point during the war, paid his men retention bonuses out of his wealth to keep them from abandoning the war effort during the peak planting and harvesting times.
Remember, a considerable portion of the colonists who first settled the colonies were from Great Britain and would have familial ties with the British even though they were the second or third generation to be born in the United States. The break from Great Britain may have been viewed as estrangement from a family.
War wreaks havoc on civilians and civilian life. By the time of the start of the American Revolution, average citizens would resign themselves to the notion that war was inevitable, and they had to accept the consequences of the decision to declare independence. It is hard to imagine that anyone except a few would prefer living in a war-torn country as opposed to living in a peaceful country with strained political and economic relations prospectively being negotiated without military conflict.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/myths-of-the-american-revolution-10941835/

https://www.ushistory.org/us/13c.asp

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