Nowadays, we live in the world of globalization and internationalization where everything is interdependent. Security, in this case, is one of the aspects of interdependence.
National security is a core category of any independent state. However, the post-bipolar era has caused vagueness in defining domestic and foreign policy. For example, terrorism is a danger targeting a certain state as well as international security. Thus, it is both a national and global security threat which has to be tackled on both levels respectively.
Global security is a compound term, which incorporates national and regional aspects. It is directly dependent on how well states address domestic security issues and cooperate with each other on the international scale.
such global issues as poverty, inequality, climate change, lack of resources and terrorism are threats to security as it is, no matter what level is regarded. The problem is these challenge can no more be addressed and solved by one country or even a region.
There is one more argument to consider: the security dilemma. It is a phenomenon which explains how securitization of one country can be considered as threatening to other, often neighboring, countries, and therefore, undermine the regional/global security leading to a conflict.
Changing technology means that national and global security can no longer be separated. One of the gravest threats to national security, according to a report from the Pentagon, is global climate change, with extreme weather events provoking migrations, humanitarian crises, and impacting military preparedness. Moreover, climate change can affect food and water security. Climate change can only be tackled on a global level.
Next, many weapons of mass destruction, even if deployed locally can have global effects. A nuclear war or release of epidemic diseases as part of biological warfare anywhere in the world could have devastating global effects. That means that the United States can not assume that North America would be safe if a major war broke out in Africa or Asia. Also, weapon systems can now reach anywhere in the world in a matter of under an hour, meaning that no place is safe from attacks from rogue states.
Finally, security now includes not just physical matters but cyber security. Because the internet is global and allows almost instantaneous transmission of malicious code, threats such as computer viruses and hacking are global as well as national issues.
https://engineering.stanford.edu/magazine/article/national-security-separable-global-security
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