Nathan the Wise by German writer, philosopher, and art critic Gotthold Ephraim Lessing ( 1729 – 1781) was first published in 1779 and first performed in Berlin in 1783 shortly after the author's death. The character of Nathan is modeled after Lessing's friend, the German Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. It is a plea for religious tolerance, founded on the deistic notion that what matters most is not whether the details of a particular religion are somehow "right", but rather whether our beliefs cause us to behave in a morally good fashion, especially being kind, honest, and charitable to those in need.
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