Lord Baltimore (also known as Cecil Calvert, the Second Lord Baltimore) established the colony of Maryland in colonial America. His father, George Calvert, the First Lord Baltimore, was secretary of state under King James I and later served under Charles I. He had become Catholic and had purchased land in Newfoundland (now part of Canada). James I had given him permission to establish a colony there called the Province of Avalon. He also wanted to establish a colony in the Chesapeake, but he died before he was able to do so.
Cecil Calvert, the Second Lord Baltimore, established Maryland by royal charter. He realized his father's dreams of making Maryland a place of religious tolerance. The 1649 Toleration Act granted religious freedoms to different types of Christians. It was the first law in colonial America to grant religious freedom. Lord Baltimore governed the colony for many years, and it became a haven for Catholics in colonial America.
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