Wednesday, January 8, 2014

Perform a rhetorical analysis on "The Paris Climate Accord" by Donald Trump. In the analysis, identify what Trump's primary purpose may have been and discuss ways that he attempts to achieve this.

In President Trump's speech on the Paris Climate Accord, delivered on June 1, 2017 in the White House Rose Garden, he argues that in order to maintain the primacy of American interests, he will withdraw the U.S. from the Paris Climate Accord. This agreement had been in negotiations for several years and was adopted in December 2015; its main goal is to keep the average rise in global temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius, and ideally below 1.5 degrees, to prevent major environmental consequences of climate change. Throughout President Trump's speech, he criticizes the Paris Climate Accord's "draconian financial and economic burdens" in order to garner support for withdrawing the U.S. from an arrangement to which 184 other countries had agreed.
President Trump first appeals to everyday voters' values of a strong economy by lamenting that participating in the Accord would cost 2.7 million American jobs by 2025. Furthermore, he posits that the "onerous energy restrictions" of the Paris Climate Accord would decimate several industries: automobiles, manufacturing, paper, cement, coal, and steel. Although he later says that the restrictions will cut over 6 million jobs, rather than the aforementioned 2.7 million, the message is the same: remaining a part of the Paris Climate Accord will harm the American economy, which is reliant on traditional sources of energy. Later in his speech, he draws on common concerns of outsourcing jobs by claiming that American energy jobs will be outsourced to major economic competitors like China and India. By using detailed statistics and appealing to shared values of a healthy American economy and plentiful jobs, President Trump attempts to garner support for his withdrawal.
After appealing to his audience's shared "America First" values, President Trump then discusses his own environmental concerns with regard to joining the Accord--again, a global coalition to benefit the environment. He frames the carbon emissions restrictions of the Paris Accord as hypocritical; whereas the U.S. must reduce its emissions to keep global temperature change under 2 degrees Celsius, "the world's leading polluters" like China and India have fewer such restrictions. For him, it is deeply unfair for Chinese and Indian coal industries to grow when American coal is increasingly regulated. Although the U.S. is one of the world's leading producers of carbon emissions, President Trump frames the agreement as an unfair deal, encouraging his audience to support pulling out of the Paris Climate Accord as a result.
President Trump ends his speech by repeating his common refrain of "America First," this time with regard to political sovereignty. When he states, "I represent Pittsburgh, not Paris," he aligns himself firmly with not only the U.S. over global interests, but also with the coal and steel industries that are rhetorically associated with states like Pennsylvania. He further depicts the Paris Climate Accord as a meddlesome entity that intends to boss the U.S. around in how it can extract natural fuel sources, manage its economy, and place the country in legal jeopardy. His audience is unmistakably Americans who feel as if participating on the international stage has robbed America of its autonomy and harmed its economy. By extension, pulling out of the Paris Climate Accord would signify a return to nationalistic interests and a focus more on economy than environment. In appealing to American-centric values of economic competition, fairness, and sovereignty, Trump attempts to win his audience over and make them more amenable to focusing on America First.


President Trump announced his intention that the United States withdraw from the Paris Climate Accord (Paris Agreement) on June 1, 2017. The Paris Agreement between 184 state parties was signed in December 2015, and is set to take effect beginning in 2020. Because the United States cannot formally withdraw from the agreement until 2020, the primary purpose of President Trump's statement may have been to gain public approval for his economic program by providing economic reasons to commence rolling back preliminary steps that had been taken to comply the agreement.
A typical rhetorical analysis looks at the writer/speaker's goals, techniques with examples, and a critique of the rhetorician's success or failure. Assuming President Trump's purpose of gaining public approval, an analysis could look at his many appeals to fairness and patriotism in his speech, which would fall under the rhetorical category of pathetic appeals, as well as his theme of keeping campaign promises. President Trump also used logical appeals in his statement by citing statistics and expert projections. In order to bolster his argument the President also used logical appeals to downplay the effects of his proposed economic policy changes on the climate.
Of President Trump's examples, the most successful were probably those where he contrasted the constraints on the United States versus the ones affecting China and India. He emphasized that American efforts to limit carbon emissions would throttle the economy for negligible effect since under the Paris Agreement other countries would be allowed to continue to pollute for years after the United States had cut back on its own emissions.
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/statement-president-trump-paris-climate-accord/

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