"Bartleby, the Scrivener" was actually written by Hawthorne's close friend Herman Melville. In his review of Hawthorne's Twice-Told Tales, Poe stresses that brevity is one of the most important qualities a writer should strive for. If a story is long and drawn out, the desired single impression or effect upon the reader is lost, according to Poe.
Interestingly, Poe did not follow his own recommendations in some of his works, such as "The Gold-Bug," which is usually considered a short story even though in most editions it's nearly 100 pages long. The truth is that both this work and Melville's "Bartleby" belong to the in-between genre of the novella, a work too long to be a short story but too brief to be considered a full-length novel. Apart from the single factor of length, "Bartleby" can still be seen to conform to the ideal that Poe articulated in his critical writings, for the following reasons:
First, it does produce a single, unified effect upon the reader, simply because the whole story is focused upon the relentless descent and deterioration of the title character. The narrative might seem extended or even repetitive, but it never goes off course. Second, Bartleby's fate is not unlike that of the tormented, alienated characters in Hawthorne's tales which Poe praised. Though there's no evidence of the supernatural in "Bartleby," it's nevertheless a kind of psychological horror story. It thus conforms to the ideal of evoking terror and wonder and placing the reader in a heightened, exalted state of emotion, which was not only Poe's ideal, but that of nineteenth-century artists overall.
Sunday, October 13, 2013
Do you think, based on what Poe has said about short stories, he would appreciate Hawthorne's "Bartleby"?
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