The American Middle Colonies, which refer primarily to Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York, were a particularly diverse part of the English acquisitions in the New World. The Southern Colonies (Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia) primarily consisted of white, slave-owning members of the former British landowning class who maintained a significant carryover of the aristocratic mentality of English culture. The Northern Colonies of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island were made up primarily of Puritan settlers looking to create a model Christian community and to open a space free from the corruptions they associated with Henry VIII’s Anglican church.
The Middle Colonies, however, were much more heterogenous than those of the North or South. New York, for example, was a Dutch colony before its acquisition from the Netherlands in 1686, and thus a significant portion of the population there, as well as throughout parts of Delaware and along the Delaware River, was Dutch. One could also find a mishmash of Finns and Swedes living along the banks of this river. Pennsylvania, a long-standing exemplar of religious tolerance, endorsed the immigration of people of many different nationalities to become a part of the growing Quaker community. Welsh Quakers, followed by the Germans, Scottish, and Irish, all settled and made new lives for themselves in Pennsylvania in the succeeding centuries.
In addition to European ethnic communities, large numbers of Native Americans made new lives for themselves in the English Middle Colonies. Particularly in New York, where the Iroquois League held predominance, it was not unusual to see members of various Indian tribes, including the Illinois, Mohawk, and Seneca, living in and along the frontier.
It was this heterogenous population makeup that made the Middle Colonies so much different from other parts of the English empire.
Sunday, April 8, 2012
How did the population of the Middle Colonies differ from that of the Northern and Southern colonies?
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