Friday, August 23, 2019

Was Chester Arthur a bad president?

Chester Alan Arthur (1829–86) was the 21st President of the United States (1881–85). He is ranked 31st in a recent poll of political scientists (with 1st being the best). Historians basically agree with political scientists. According to historians, in another poll, Arthur is not in the top twenty presidents. I believe his mediocre ranking is due in part to the fact that he served only one term.
Prior to his unexpected accession to the presidency, Arthur practiced law in New York. He ably served as quartermaster general of New York during the Civil War. Later, he was port collector of New York; in that role, he was honest, but he gave jobs to supporters of Senator Roscoe Conkling. President Rutherford Hayes removed him from his position as port collector. Stalwarts, one faction of the Republican party, supported the practice of awarding jobs to their political supporters.
Arthur became president after the assassination of James Garfield. The public did not expect much from him. However, Arthur was determined to succeed, and he supported the landmark Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883). This disappointed the Stalwarts. Arthur also helped build the US Navy into one of the world's great fleets. Sadly, Arthur also signed the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), which barred Chinese immigrants to the United States.
Arthur served only one term as president. He had a fatal illness—Bright's disease. He died just one year after leaving office.

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