Airport security was federalized in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act passed by Congress in that year established the Transportation Safety Administration, or TSA. These are the workers responsible for screening passenger luggage as well as the passengers themselves. Thus, the simplest way to measure the effectiveness of these workers is to look at whether passengers are, in fact, safer.
There has been no major terrorist attack originating in a United States airport since TSA took over airport safety, so by one important measure, the federalization of airport security has been a success. On the other hand, there have been many suggestions that the screeners are lacking in their assessment of threats in luggage, in particular. Additionally, dangerous devices and weapons have often been smuggled undetected through TSA screeners by undercover inspectors. So some have argued on these grounds that the TSA's eight-billion-dollar budget would be better spent on privately-owned screening companies. The question of the effectiveness of the federalization of airport security screening, then, largely depends on how one defines effectiveness.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/ellistalton/2019/01/28/is-the-tsa-really-necessary/
https://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/jbl/articles/volume5/issue2/Selzer5U.Pa.J.Lab.&Emp.L.363%282003%29.pdf
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