In “The Open Boat” by Stephen Crane, four sailors are living on a small boat in the middle of the ocean. Their main ship recently capsized, and they have been struggling to survive for two straight days.
The boat is small. Crane describes its size by saying,
A man likes to take a bath in a bigger area than this boat could provide.
The boat is about as big as a small bathtub—not a great place to spend your every waking minute when trapped out at sea. The boat is so tiny that it is always in danger of being capsized by the regular waves of the ocean.
The size of the boat leads to the problem of it continually filling with water. One of the crew members, the cook, spends most of his time bailing water out before the boat can fill up.
The cook sat in the bottom, and looked with both eyes at the six inches of boat which separated him from the ocean. He had bared his fat arms as he worked to empty the water from the boat.
Two of the other crew members are paddling them through the water in an attempt to survive on the open ocean.
The oiler, guiding with one of the two oars in the boat, sometimes raised himself suddenly to keep away from the water that poured in. It was a thin little oar, and it often seemed ready to break. The correspondent, pulling at the other oar, watched the waves and wondered why he was there.
While everyone has a job to do, the going is tough. None of the men are getting much sleep, because there is no one to relieve them of their current duties. The men are not doing well in their survival—they could just as soon die as keep on living. Crane describes how tired they are by saying,
When one exchanged the rowing seat for a place in the bottom of the boat, he suffered a bodily experience that caused him to be careless of everything except an obligation to move one finger. There was cold sea water washing back and forth in the boat, and he lay in it. His head was pillowed on wood within an inch of the waves along the side. Sometimes the sea came in and bathed him once more. But this did not trouble him. It is almost certain that if the boat had sunk he would have fallen comfortably out upon the ocean as if it were a great soft bed.
He shows that the sailors would willingly die at this point if it meant they could rest just a little bit longer. Survival is rough at sea.
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