Friday, December 2, 2016

Why did Americans want independence?

There are several events that led to the idea of American independence. At the conclusion of the French and Indian War, conflict arose between colonists and British. The war was fought to gain land occupied by the French in the Ohio River valley as well as some land in Canada. After the conclusion of the war, the King of England stated in the Proclamation of 1763, the colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. He also stated that colonists would be required to pay taxes to help pay for the war. The British citizens did not feel they should have to pay for the war because it did not benefit them. The colonists were angry they were told they could not settle this new land and ignored the King's proclamation. They disagreed with having to pay taxes for the war because they were told not to settle the land, but were required to pay taxes without a say in Parliament decisions. They used the statement, "no taxation without representation". While the British tried to offer them limited representation in parliament, the colonists refused their offer, because they didn't feel they would have a fair amount of power.
As taxes continued to be issued by the British King, colonists became even angrier. The Sugar Act taxed sugar and other imported goods The Stamp Act taxed all printed materials. The Quartering Act stated colonists must house soldiers sent to the colonies to keep order. This angered the colonists because the king was not allowed to raise an army in a time of peace. During this time the Boston Massacre took place between British soldiers and colonists, resulting in the deaths of two colonists. The Townshend Acts required colonists pay tax on imported goods. Several of these taxes were repealed, however parliament enforced the Declaratory Acts stating England had the right to tax the colonists. Then there was a tax place on tea. This angered certain colonists in a group called the Sons of Liberty, who dressed as Indians and went aboard ship to dump the tea into the Boston Harbor. This angered the king causing him to enact the Coersive Acts, known as the Intolerable Acts by the colonists. These acts shut down the harbor until the colonists paid for the destroyed tea. Later these acts ended any self government in the colonies, passing governing power to the Royal Governor. An act similar to the Quartering act was reinstated as well.
The colonists organized the first Continental Congress and created a letter of complaints to the king asking him to remove the intolerable acts, but the king ignores the colonists. This lead to the revolt of the colonies and in turn lead them to seek their own independence to self govern.


The Americans wanted independence for many reasons, however the most important one was the fact that the British Parliament and the king were adamant about imposing unreasonable taxes and regulations on the colonists. When the Americans realized that the taxes exist only because the Britons wanted to pay off their debt from the French-Indian War, they began to rebel.
Despite the numerous taxes, the British government didn’t give any social, economic or political benefits to the American people; they weren’t allowed to vote, and there were no Americans in the British Parliament. In fact, one of the main reasons for the start of the Revolutionary War was the lack of American representation in the British political system and legislation. It is also noteworthy to mention that only a third of the colonists (mainly the elites) wanted independence.

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