In Malouf's poem "A Recollection of Starlings: Rome '84," what key ideas are being explored and what language features are used to do so? What is Malouf commenting on in this poem?

The key idea being explored in this poem is the way that creative ideas, particularly poetry, come together as small and seemingly independent pieces to form a larger whole.
Starlings are birds known for forming huge, hypnotic flocks that seem to move as one giant entity in the sky. Thousands of birds will move cohesively, all turning in unison and staying part of the group without a single leader. These flocks appear almost magical to those watching them; I have linked to a National Geographic video of the phenomenon so you can get an idea of what Malouf refers to.
The significance of the starlings in this poem is that, just like the words on a page, each bird is an individual who comes together with others to form something bigger and more beautiful. The starling flocking behavior seems random to the observer; how can each bird know what all the other birds are doing? Malouf compares this to making a poem: the words and letters "scatter" out of his typewriter just as the birds do in the sky.
The structure of the poem uses enjambment to suggest movement: we have to work to look for the next word because they aren't moving in a straight line like they might ordinarily. This refers back to the flocking behavior of the birds: just as birds do not always fly in a straight line, words do not always read in a straight line.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4f_1_r80RY