Thursday, August 8, 2013

How was the Russian Revolution connected with the First World War?

It can be argued that the First World War was the catalyst for the Russian Revolutions of 1917. Beyond the military ineptitude shown by the Russian army during the war on the Eastern Front against the German divisions led by Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff, there were the attempts by the imperial German government to subterfuge the Russian war effort. The most noticeable of these was the “sealed train” that carried Vladimir Lenin, his wife, and 32 other revolutionaries from Switzerland to Finland, and from Finland to Petrograd.
Beyond this, there was the internal strife that the strain of war pushed upon the population and infrastructure of Russia. The war called upon more and more military aged men to serve at the front, which led to the countryside being depleted of hands to work the land, and cities being depleted of non-war effort factory workers. The internal economy collapsed in 1916, and the winter of that year was particularly harsh. The major cities of Moscow and Petrograd could not get the food and coal needed to keep the city alive during those months. Stories abound of families destroying their furniture for kindling, and operators on the black market making a killing on selling what few loaves of bread could found.
By 1917, the country of Russia was exhausted from the war effort. In February of that year, a women’s workers protest turned into an uprising, and the State Duma – the legislative body of the Russian Empire – coordinated an effort with the army to force Nicholas II to abdicate his throne. However, despite promises to the contrary, the new Provisional Government continued with the war in support of their allies in the Entente. This removed any semblance of support that the new government may have had from the populace. Following failed uprisings in April of that year, the Bolsheviks under Lenin would seize control of the government in October/November 1917. After successfully taking over the government, Lenin promised three things: peace, land, and bread. He fulfilled all three.
In conclusion, without World War I, neither of the Russian Revolutions would have occurred in 1917. The path of the war accelerated the collapse of the tsarist system and paved the way for a new state and a new style of government to be tried.


The Russian Revolution was connected with World War I. The Central Powers had moved deep into Russia during the war even though the Russian government had spent large sums of money fighting the war. The Russian people grew tired of the suffering they faced as a result of the war, including the effects of food shortages, political corruption, and high casualty rates. As a result, the conditions were ripe for the people of Russia to revolt, which occurred in 1917 as Czar Nicholas II was forced from power.
The Russian Revolution impacted the war significantly. The Central Powers no longer had to fight on the Eastern front, making the Allied war effort on the Western front more difficult, since the Central Powers now only had to fight a one-front war. Additionally, in order for Russia to withdraw from World War I and have the Central Powers leave Russia, the Russians gave up a lot of land, including territory in Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. Other countries, such as Finland, gained their independence as a result of this treaty.

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