Why does the woman, Angela Vicario, determine the fate of Santiago Nasar, Bayardo San Raman, and her twin in a town where men supposedly rule over women?

Honor is the dominant theme of Garcia’ Marquez novella, and the town’s residents are committed to avenging a stain on any individual’s honor. The question of male control remains debatable, as numerous women play active roles in the string of incidents that lead to Santiago’s death. In the local way of thinking, an insult to one person is an insult to the community. Although Bayardo was not local, he was wealthy and his marriage to Angela would have elevated her status. On the evening after their wedding, however, he discovers (or decides) that she is not a virgin.
Angela is the key character because all other events proceed from her actions and statements. The reader never learns definitively how Angela lost her virginity, or if she gave it willingly or, as she states, was raped. Her own mother advised her to preserve her virtuous reputation before the wedding. Afterward, she names Santiago Nasar as her rapist. While this insult will affect the whole town, it most directly affects her family. Her brothers are obligated to exact vengeance on the man who ruined their sister, however much they might prefer not to kill anyone, much less the affable Santiago. Although the whole town talks of the upcoming killing, and any number of steps could have been taken to prevent it, ultimately the deed must be done. Because Angela was the injured party and Pedro an Pablo are her brothers, the burden falls on them. Despite being apprehended and imprisoned, they are ultimately released. After the murder, Angela wants to reclaim her right as Bayardo’s wife, but he will not retract his rejection.

What could be a good topic for the speech of William Pitt in November 20, 1777?

There are several ways to approach William Pitt’s November 20, 1777 speech. It some of the doubts that Britons had about fighting the rebels. The American revolutionary forces had been fighting the British for about a year and a half; recent troop reinforcements from France had strengthened the American side. Pitt had decades of experience as a statesman, including a primary role in crafting the foreign policy that greatly expanded Britain’s empire. By late 1777, Pitt and other Britons were concerned about three related aspects of the American revolutionary war that he mentions in the speech. Any of them could be presented as the principal problem to address in an essay.
Pitt’s primary concern is that the war will shift and become primarily a European war. France’s support for the rebels is a very bad sign. If a European power, or powers, were to declare war on England, in distinction from just supporting the rebels without any formal declaration of hostilities, Pitt worries that England could not win against the combined forces. Related to this is the financial cost of waging the war. Pitt had concluded that England cannot win the American war.
Closely related is the fear of invasion. If France or Germany declares war, it might decide to invade England. Pitt worries that, with so many resources committed in America, it would not have the strength to repel such an invasion.
The last issue is support for American independence. Pitt does not support this. However, he exhibits an extraordinary degree of empathy for the Americans. He links this empathy to the previous point, concern over invasion of England. If he were an American, Pitt says, he would likewise resist invasion and occupation of his land, and would “never lay down my arms.” This part of the speech is the most often quoted, especially his repetition for emphasis, “never—never—never!” Given his opposition to independence, his identification with those who seek it is remarkable.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Pitt-the-Elder

What were the pros and cons of using Mohism to run a country?

Mohism was a philosophical system in ancient China whose ideas were largely attributed to Mozi. It was anti-Confucian and anti-Taoist in its outlook.
Mohism, at various points, contributed to a philosophy of governance stemming from Mozi's idea that the good ruler will be able to divine the "Will of Heaven," which, in a rough sense, translated to a utilitarian approach to administration.
On the one hand, Mohism can contribute to efficiency in governance. The ancient Mohists called for the elimination of unnecessary rituals, the creation of a disciplined and efficient bureaucratic hierarchy under the ruler, and the creation of national unity through structured religious belief, in contrast to the Confucian approach, which they perceived to be atheist. They also supported a sort of social equality among the population.
On the other hand, however, the drive toward long-term material good in Mohist thinking resulted in uncontrolled population growth, which, in turn, led to famine. And the need to unite a population under the "Son of Heaven" contributed to the proliferation of wars of conquest.
https://chinatxt.sitehost.iu.edu/Resources.html

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mohism/

https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199920082/obo-9780199920082-0092.xml

I have to create an essay using a symbol from The Metamorphosis. Do you have any suggestions?

My first suggestion is to pick one symbol. That might sound silly, but if the prompt specifically said "a symbol," don't write an essay that talks about three symbols. The prompt is forcing you to really analyze a single symbol. This forces your hand a little bit. Don't pick a small, minor symbol. There simply won't be enough textual evidence to explore and support your thesis statement. I definitely recommend having a thesis statement that makes an argument about the chosen symbol.
Perhaps make an argument that the picture of the wealthy woman in furs is symbolic of Gregor's hopes and dreams and how that symbol remains despite the fact that Gregor is now a bug. Readers are introduced to the picture in the second paragraph of the story. Your essay could discuss why Gregor had the picture there at all in his human life, and then the essay could discuss how the picture becomes even more important to Gregor in his new bug life (perhaps because it represents beauty and a time when he was human).

As of January 27, 2016, how many foreign terrorist organizations were recognized by the US State Department?

The US Department of State has listed five foreign terrorist organizations.
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) is active in Libya. It was created from the remnants of the rebel units that fought against Colonel Muammar Gaddafi in the Libyan Civil War. Soon after its formation, ISIL established a presence in Tripoli, Sirte, and Derna. It has waged war against the state's authority by targeting judges, civilians, and enforcing its diktat wherever it can. The organization has attracted fighters from African countries such as Sudan and Chad. It was banned on May 19, 2016.
Al Qaeda on the Indian Subcontinent
Al Qaeda's jihadist faction that aims to strengthen the organization's base on the Indian subcontinent was banned by the US Department of State on June 30, 2016. The organization's presence was announced by terrorist Ayman al-Zawahiri in 2014. The organization functions mainly from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. Its objective is to further an extremist Islamist agenda in India.
Hizbul Mujahideen
Hizbul Mujahideen was formed in Kashmir in 1989 and pursues the ideology of jihad in the region. The US Department of State banned this organization on August 16, 2017. Apart from the United States, the European Union and India have designated it as a terrorist organization.
Milli Muslim League
The Milli Muslim League is the political front of the terrorist organization Lashkar-e-Taiba. It was banned by the US Department of State on April 2, 2018. The stated objective of the organization is to make Pakistan a true Islamic state.
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) was formed after the Iranian Revolution of 1979. As a part of the country's armed forces, it is tasked with protecting Islamic values within the country and ensuring that military coups do not take place. It keeps an eye on foreign involvement in the nation's affairs. It was banned by the US Department of State on April 15, 2019.

Can people be owned? What makes a person vs. a non-person that is owned? Are the Africans who revolt human or not? What does Melville think?

Herman Melville's novella "Benito Cereno" is considered an example of an unreliable narrator, in this case the American Captain Delano of the rescue ship. Since your question asks what Melville himself thinks about the personhood/humanity of the Africans on board the Saint Dominick and since we have an unreliable narrator, we will have to do close reading to try to find hints about Melville's attitude—but first we need to unpack the slavery/humanity/personhood aspects of your question.
Slavery is a legal status of a person, a status that has existed throughout recorded humanity and that still exists in some form in some cultures today. In other words, it is the laws of a country that allow or prohibit slavery and the enforcement of those laws that permit it or not. Melville brings this to our attention when he writes,

Poor Babo here, in his own land, was only a poor slave; a black man’s slave was Babo, who now is the white’s.

Legality is a separate philosophical question from morality, at least since the nineteenth century. But Melville, writing in 1855, is arguably an abolitionist simply by writing this work, since pro-slavery advocates would not want to draw attention to slave-trading by writing about it because there is no positive way to portray it. However, since we are trying to determine Melville's own perspective from this work, we need to understand that some abolitionists were still racists, while others were not.
A racist abolitionist of 1855 would want to abolish slavery for a number of reasons, yet they would feel that black people were somehow inferior to white people, so can we find instances in the novella where the Africans are described by Melville as inferior or less than human? If we do find some potential examples, we must then determine how much of Melville's negative inference is due to the revolt dynamic underway instead of a basic disregard for the humanity of the Africans. Keep in mind that Melville, the great maritime author, is writing about an event at sea where the captain is legally the sovereign.
This is an interesting question that will involve close reading and interpretation to answer.

Write a three paragraph report about water conservation. Explain how water is wasted and ways people can conserve it. Be sure to include relevant facts and statistics.

There are several different areas one could explore in a report about water conservation. One important area is leakage and waste in water delivery systems. As water is transported from reservoirs and purification plants through hundreds of thousands of pipes throughout the world, a certain percentage is lost due to leaks. One major way to conserve water is to update delivery systems and use new leakage monitoring technology.
Another issue such a report could consider is farming. According to the USDA, farming is responsible for over 80 percent of the ground water consumption in the United States. Making farms more efficient in water use, especially through targeted and drip irrigation systems, would significantly reduce water use. Also, many economists argue that artificially low water prices for farms contribute to waste.
Finally, a report about water conservation should mention that individuals can conserve water by planting native vegetation that does not require watering, using efficient toilets and shower heads, and fixing dripping faucets, among other things.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-04/documents/epa816f13002.pdf

https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-practices-management/irrigation-water-use/