Wednesday, July 3, 2013

What does Nixon do for the rest of his life after he resigns as the President?

After assuming the presidency when Nixon tendered his resignation, President Gerald Ford pardoned Richard Nixon for all the crimes committed from the Watergate scandal. Advisers to Nixon counseled Nixon to accept the pardon. Nixon was reluctant to accept the pardon preferring to challenge the crimes against him in court. He believed by not challenging the crimes in court he was admitting to being guilty. After consulting with friends and advisers, Nixon chose the wiser course of action by allowing the pardon to stand and in President Ford's words, "Our long national nightmare is over."
Post-presidential life can be a difficult adjustment for any president. Most join corporate boards, start international foundations, retire, or try to remain relevant by making appearances at various events. These opportunities would not be available to Nixon as his image was tainted by scandal and his public persona discredited if not thoroughly disliked by the public. Returning to California with his wife Pat, Nixon was a broken man with little or no future in the public eye and few prospects as a private citizen. These surely must have been dark days for the politician who had come back many times from what for others would have been total political defeat.
In deep debt from repaying lawyers, Nixon turned to the only resource available for him to regain his financial footing, writing an autobiographical account of his life. Though unpopular as a public figure, Nixon's book would generate significant interest from scholars as well as the public, and reportedly earned him two-million dollars. The book also created opportunities to appear on television, and many still watch clips from his interview with David Frost, one of the most popular interviewers on British and American television. The public appearance earned Nixon reportedly $600,000 and though met with some skepticism, put Nixon back into the public spotlight. He also authored several other commercially profitable books which generated new opportunities for Nixon to appear publicly without the public rancor he earlier caused.
One of the achievements of the Nixon administration was the opening of relations with China. After making a few tentative low-key public appearances, Nixon traveled to China. While in China he was warmly received and again generated some amount of positive press for himself. The road to rehabilitating his image and public persona had begun. Nixon moved from his native California to New York, where he started being seen in small private gatherings.
Not shy about offering advice, the next three presidents privately consulted with Nixon about how to proceed with relations with the Chinese. The United States policy regarding China bears the fingerprints of the former president, and though not considered to be an expert in domestic policy, Nixon was able to generate favorable press and favorable comments as an adviser on foreign policy issues. Former presidents are a select and limited private club. Mostly kept secret from the public is how often former presidents advise and talk with the current occupier in the office. Nixon was able to use this channel to continue to rehabilitate his personal image and remain relevant in United States politics.
Some historians point to the 1986 Newsweek cover story proclaiming Nixon was back as the point at which Nixon regained a favorable standing with the American public. Time certainly was more kind to the disgraced president than perhaps he was to himself. Nixon died on April 22, 1994. His funeral was attended by dignitaries from around the world. As is the tradition for most presidents when they pass away, the current president provides the eulogy. President Clinton spoke to Nixon's imprint and success in foreign policy. Ironically, the First Lady Hillary Clinton had served as an attorney on the Watergate Committee investigating Nixon for his role in the Watergate crimes. It seems Nixon had come full circle and at his death could claim a certain amount of personal vindication.
https://millercenter.org/president/nixon/life-after-the-presidency

https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/08/nixons-resignation-40-years-later/375447/

How would you find the end behavior of a radical like... (x^2+3)^1/2-x

We are asked to find the end behavior of the radical function f(x)=sqrt(x^2+3)-x .
The function has two terms; there is a radical expression and the linear polynomial -x.
Consider the radical expression. First, it is always positive (assuming this is a real-valued function.) At x = 0, it has value sqrt(3) . As x increases without bound, the 3 is irrelevant and the expression has a value that tends to |x|=x. Thus, as x increases without bound, f(x) tends to x-x=0. As x decreases without bound, the radical expression tends to |x|, so f(x) tends to infinity. There is also a slant asymptote, at f(x) = -2x.
Another way to see this is to consider the graph:


We can also use limits. Rationalize the numerator:
(sqrt(x^2+3)-x)*(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)/(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)
=(x^2+3-x^2)/(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)=3/(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)
For x>0: lim_(x->oo)3/(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)=lim_(x->oo)3/(sqrt(x^2+3)+x)*(1/x)/(1/sqrt(x^2))
=lim_(x->oo)(3/x)/(sqrt(1+3/x^2)+1)=0
For x<0 : note that sqrt(x^2)=|x|=-x so we get:
=lim_(x->-oo)(3/x)/(sqrt(1+3/x^2)-1)=lim_(x->-oo)(3/x)/0=oo
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Limit.html

Tuesday, July 2, 2013

Describe Miss Betsey Trotwood from David Copperfield.

Miss Betsey Trotwood shows up in the beginning pages of the novel before David is born, and she doesn't appear again until David runs away to her. David initially learns about her through his mother, who seldom speaks of her. David's sweet, young, innocent, recently widowed, and pregnant mother, Clara, is intimidated by Miss Betsey. She calls Miss Betsey a "formidable" person.
Miss Betsey is David's father's aunt, making her David's great aunt. She comes across to David's mother as assertive, bit bossy, and eccentric, and she is also critical of David's mother, calling her a "Baby" and saying the "Rookery" is a ridiculous name for a house. She also insists Clara's baby will be a girl, and when it turns out to be a boy, shedoesn't get involved in David's early childhood.
Later, however, she takes David under her wing and show her true kindness and strength. She welcomes him into her home when he runs away after his mother dies. She becomes a mentor and benefactor to him and helps facilitate his marriage to Agnes. Under her bossy, sharp, and gruff exterior, she is an intelligent, practical, and good-hearted person.
David, on first meeting her, describes her as follows:

My aunt was a tall, hard-featured lady, but by no means ill-looking. There was an inflexibility in her face, in her voice, in her gait and carriage, amply sufficient to account for the effect she had made upon a gentle creature like my mother; but her features were rather handsome than otherwise, though unbending and austere. I particularly noticed that she had a very quick, bright eye.

Monday, July 1, 2013

Use the book to give an example of how people in Grand Rapids talk. Find at least one example of something that Mr. Jimmy or Ms. Thomas says and explain what the saying means?

In chapter 16, Bud wakes up in Grand Calloway Station and goes downstairs to eat breakfast rather late. When Bud enters the kitchen, everyone except Herman Calloway is happy to see him. After Miss Thomas tells him that Mr. Jimmy will make him lunch, Mr. Jimmy asks Bud, "So what's the scoop, little man?" (Curtis, 116) Mr. Jimmy is essentially asking Bud "What's going on?" or saying "What's up?" for short. Bud mentions that he had no idea what Mr. Jimmy was asking so he responds by simply saying, "Nothing, sir." After Steady Eddie tells him to "Cop a squat," Miss Thomas asks Bud, "Were your ears burning last night, Bud?" (Curtis, 116) Miss Thomas is essentially asking Bud if he heard people talking about him behind his back last night. Being that Bud is from Flint, Michigan, he does not understand the dialect of citizens of Grand Rapids, which seems foreign and strange to him. After Miss Thomas asks him a question, Bud mentions that everybody in Grand Rapids talks funny and it seems like they are speaking a strange language. Bud is simply unfamiliar with the dialect and idioms used by the members of Herman Calloway's band and entourage.

Why does the narrator of "The Yellow Wallpaper" say John’s profession is “perhaps . . . one reason I do not get well faster"? Who else supports John’s diagnosis?

The narrator’s husband, John, is a physician. He is utterly committed to the supremacy of science. His evaluation of his wife’s condition as a slight hysteria or temporary depression fails to encompass her need for autonomy, as he ignores her requests and dictates a regimen that he believes will cure her. The narrator calls attention to arrogance associated with the profession of physician, but she also mentions that he was dismissive of her concerns before she became ill.
In the statement, she may also be implying that refusal to comply with his demands is a form of resistance by which she asserts her own identity and will. Jennie, his sister and their housekeeper, abides by her brother’s behavior, but she may be harboring her own doubts about the reasons behind it.

What happens in Canto XXIII of Dante's Inferno?

Canto XXIII
Dante and Virgil have stolen away after the Malebranche become distracted by attacking sinners in the boiling Phlegethon of Pouch Five.
Soon they observe sinners in a grim procession. They walk single file; Dante compares their steps to those of the “Minor Friars.” He is referring to the Franciscan monks who walk in this manner; additionally, the hypocrites doomed for eternity to this pouch of Hell are dressed in monkish garb.
As they proceed, Dante recalls a story about a frog and a mouse written by Aesop, the ancient Greek fabulist. In this tale, a mouse asks a frog to carry it across a stream. The frog agrees, but when the pair has traveled about halfway across, the frog goes underwater. The mouse drowns but its body floats to the surface. A hawk (also known as a “kite”) flying overhead spies the both the frog and the mouse, swoops down and eats them both.

“Silent, alone, and without company
We went, the one in front, the other after,
As go the Minor Friars along their way.
Upon the fable of Aesop was directed
My thought, by reason of the present quarrel,
Where he has spoken of the frog and mouse;
For 'mo' and 'issa' are not more alike
Than this one is to that, if well we couple
End and beginning with a steadfast mind.”

Dante is fearful that the demons from which they took their leave will be angry at their unannounced departure and will pursue them. The very thought is terrifying and makes Dante’s hair stand up. He says to Virgil:

"These on our account
Are laughed to scorn, with injury and scoff
So great, that much I think it must annoy them.
If anger be engrafted on ill-will,
They will come after us more merciless
Than dog upon the leveret which he seizes,"
I felt my hair stand all on end already
With terror, and stood backwardly intent,
When said I: "Master, if thou hidest not
Thyself and me forthwith, of Malebranche
I am in dread; we have them now behind us;
I so imagine them, I already feel them."

Virgil does not comfort his protege; instead, he agrees that the demons will be furious and suggests they hasten their departure, deeper into Pouch Six.
Both of the travelers are correct; their fear is justified. Just as soon as Virgil recommends their hasty departure, the angry, winged demons appear on the horizon. Like a mother who will protect her child at all costs, Virgil swoops Dante into his arms and spirits him away as quickly as possible. When they come to the edge of a precipice, Virgil sits and they slide down together. The travel downward reminds Dante of water flowing over a mill; while swift, they feel every bump along the way:

"When I beheld them come with outstretched wings,
Not far remote, with will to seize upon us.
My Leader on a sudden seized me up,
Even as a mother who by noise is wakened,
And close beside her sees the enkindled flames,
Who takes her son, and flies, and does not stop,
Having more care of him than of herself,
So that she clothes her only with a shift;
And downward from the top of the hard bank
Supine he gave him to the pendent rock,
That one side of the other Bolgia walls.
Ne'er ran so swiftly water through a sluice
To turn the wheel of any land-built mill,
When nearest to the paddles it approaches,
As did my Master down along that border,
Bearing me with him on his breast away,
As his own son, and not as a companion."

They finally reach the bottom, much to Virgil’s relief as the demons may not pursue them into the next pouch. This greatly enrages the Malebranche, who howl in fury as they watch their prey get away unscatched:

“Hardly the bed of the ravine below
His feet had reached, ere they had reached the hill
Right over us; but he was not afraid;
For the high Providence, which had ordained
To place them ministers of the fifth moat,
The power of thence departing took from all.”

Now safely in Pouch Six, the pair can observe the denizens. Here, men in golden cloaks walk as if they can barely move. Outwardly, they are dazzling but inwardly they are miserable. These sinners move exceedingly slowly, crying as they go, and weighed down by the lead that lines their garments. This punishment mimics the execution technique of Frederick II, who killed those condemned by placing them in a leaden enclosure which then was fired until it melted around them:

"A painted people there below we found,
Who went about with footsteps very slow,
Weeping and in their semblance tired and vanquished.
They had on mantles with the hoods low down
Before their eyes, and fashioned of the cut
That in Cologne they for the monks are made.
Without, they gilded are so that it dazzles;
But inwardly all leaden and so heavy
That Frederick used to put them on of straw.
O everlastingly fatiguing mantle!”

Dante asks Virgil to help him identify anyone he might know. Before Virgil can respond, one of the shades overhears Dante’s accent and cries out for the travelers to stop. The poets tarry and two of the sinners approach, looking them over wordlessly:

“And one, who understood the Tuscan speech,
Cried to us from behind: "Stay ye your feet,
Ye, who so run athwart the dusky air!
Perhaps thou'lt have from me what thou demandest."
"Whereat the Leader turned him, and said: "Wait,
And then according to his pace proceed."
I stopped, and two beheld I show great haste
Of spirit, in their faces, to be with me;
But the burden and the narrow way delayed them.
When they came up, long with an eye askance
They scanned me without uttering a word.”

The shades confer among themselves, asking each other whether or not Dante is a living soul. They also want to know why the travelers are not dressed in the golden, leaden robes:

“Then to each other turned, and said together:
"He by the action of his throat seems living;
And if they dead are, by what privilege
Go they uncovered by the heavy stole?"
Then said to me: "Tuscan, who to the college
Of miserable hypocrites art come,
Do not disdain to tell us who thou art."

Dante wants to know what causes the shades to cry so much. They explain that the robes are made of lead and unbearably heavy. They are being punished in this manner because they are the “Jovial Friars.” This was the nickname by which the military order called the “Glorious Virgin Mary” was known. The order, “Frait Gaudenti,” gained a wide reputation as being unobservant of their vows. Addtionally, they failed to keep the peace and the region of Florence known as “Gardingo” became particularly violent and corrupt. Catalano and Longeringo are two of that order, and they are the ones who come to speak to Dante and Virgil:

"These orange cloaks
Are made of lead so heavy, that the weights
Cause in this way their balances to creak.
Frati Gaudenti were we, and Bolognese;
I Catalano, and he Loderingo
Named, and together taken by thy city,
As the wont is to take one man alone,
For maintenance of its peace; and we were such
That still it is apparent round Gardingo."

Dante becomes distracted from the Jovial Friars’ tale when he sees an enormous man, naked and pinned to the ground, in the pose of one who has been crucified. This, Catalano informs Dante, is Caiaphas, the man who ordered Jesus crucified alone instead of all the Jews. In this undignified and painful manner, Caiaphas must pass eternity; additionally, for all time as well, anyone who crosses through Pouch Six, steps on and over him. Moreover, Catalano continues, the same fate has befallen all of Caiaphas’ relatives and friends:

“This transfixed one, whom thou seest,
Counselled the Pharisees that it was meet
To put one man to torture for the people.
Crosswise and naked is he on the path,
As thou perceivest; and he needs must feel,
Whoever passes, first how much he weighs;
And in like mode his father-in-law is punished
Within this moat, and the others of the council,
Which for the Jews was a malignant seed."

Virgil is horrified at the sight and wants to depart. He asks the Jovial Friars if exiting is possible without tipping off the Malebranche. Catalano replies that there is a bridge that the travelers may cross; although it is broken in many places, enough of the rubble protrudes to make passage possible. Virgil is irritated that the demons have lied to him; his surprise is curious to Catalano, who responds that lying is the nature of devils and they should not be trusted to tell the truth:

"Many of the Devil's vices
Once heard I at Bologna, and among them,
That he's a liar and the father of lies.”

Still annoyed, Virgil takes his leave and Dante follows obediently after him.

How old was Patricia when she became pregnant with her third child in Born a Crime?

Trevor's mother Patricia was 44 years old when she became pregnant with her third son, Isaac. This came as something of a surprise to her as she'd had her tubes tied and so didn't believe that she'd ever get pregnant again. Isaac was Patricia's second son with her second husband, Abel Ngisaveni, a mechanic at Mighty Mechanics, a garage just round the corner from where Patricia's first husband—Trevor's father Robert—lived.
When Trevor was nine years old, Patricia gave birth to her first son with Abel, Andrew. At that time, all seemed well in their marriage. But as time went on, strains began to emerge. Abel had a much more traditional attitude towards gender relations that Patricia, who was always very much a free spirit. This probably helps to explain why Patricia agreed to undergo such a drastic contraceptive procedure; she knew that having more children with Abel would almost certainly increase his control over her.

What is the theme of the chapter Lead?

Primo Levi's complex probing of the Holocaust, including his survival of Auschwitz and pre- and post-war life, is organized around indiv...