I would classify To Kill a Mockingbird as a coming-of-age stories. A coming-of-age story involves a young protagonist maturing and becoming aware of the realities of the adult world. In this type of story, the protagonist narrates from his or her perspective, so the reader can understand the effects of outside events on the protagonist's state of mind. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout encounters elements of the adult world, including hypocrisy, racism, sexism, and injustice, and she matures over the course of the novel.
I would also say that the novel is a form of historical fiction, as the period of time in which the story takes place has a large effect on its plot. To Kill a Mockingbird takes place during the Great Depression in the American South, a time of poverty and Jim Crow laws.
Harper Lee's classic novel To Kill a Mockingbird falls under several genres. To Kill a Mockingbird falls under the genre of Southern Gothic, which focuses on grotesque themes and includes dark, suspenseful elements. The novel also includes inexplicable evil in the form of Bob Ewell and the destructive racist southern culture, which is rooted in slavery, violence, and prejudice. Supernatural elements are also referenced in the story in the form of literal and figurative ghosts.
To Kill a Mockingbird also falls under the genre of bildungsroman because it traces Scout's moral development and maturation throughout her childhood in Maycomb, Alabama. At the beginning of the story, Scout is a naive, innocent girl, who eventually gains perspective and insight into her racist community after witnessing Tom Robinson become a victim of racial injustice.
The novel also falls under the genre of courtroom drama when Atticus valiantly defends his client, Tom Robinson, in front of a racist jury. Since the events and characters are made up, To Kill a Mockingbird falls under the larger genre of long fiction.
To Kill a Mockingbird falls under several different genres including long fiction, social realism, and bildungsroman.
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