William Henry Harrison (1773–1841) served as president for only one month before dying in office. He was the oldest man ever elected and the first to die in office. Because of his brief presidential tenure, any evaluation of his importance in US history should focus on his career before the presidency. Indeed, his career before the White House was important to military, political, and territorial facets of American history.
Harrison was a skillful military leader. He abandoned his study of medicine to join the army in 1791. He served ably in combat in the 1790s and was promoted. His greatest battlefield achievements occurred much later. He defeated Native American tribes at the battles of Tippecanoe (1811) and at Thames (1813); the tribes at the Thames were supported by British troops.
In 1798, his appointment as secretary of the Northwest Territory was the start of his political career. He also went to Congress as a territorial delegate. In 1800, he became governor of Indiana Territory and held that post for a dozen years. In this role, he negotiated treaties with NAtive American tribes that opened lands to settlement. (These treaties, like most nineteenth-century treaties with Native Americans, were not fair to Native Americans.)
Harrison's military and political service helped the United States strengthen its grip on the Northwest territories. His exemplary record was one reason for his victory in the 1840 presidential election.
Wednesday, May 23, 2018
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