Why were the working classes dissatisfied with the prevailing economic system?

Marx analyzed the class relations in a capitalist economy and how workers are inherently exploited under a capitalist system. According to Marx, workers labor for a set wage and the boss, who does not have to labor as the workers do, receives the profit of the workers' labors. For instance, in a factory that grinds corn into corn meal using manual labor, the workers are subjected to many hours of tedious labor in order to produce the corn meal. It is the workers who have produced the corn meal. However, the workers are not able to keep any of the product of their work. They are, instead, given an immensely small fraction of the profit that the owners receives through the work of the laborers. The boss is able to benefit greatly from the labors of his workers, who receive a minuscule fraction of the boss's pay. In the capitalist system, there is a great disparity between the owning class and the working class. The owning class are able to gain a surplus of resources and wealth while the working class does not have access to this wealth. This wealth is directly created by the labors of the working class. However, because the workers do not own the factory, or the means of the production, they are unable to share in this wealth.

Marx's ideas and writings were focused on his observations during the Industrial Revolution. Those in the working class were upset with the capitalist system because it allowed for, in their eyes, the exploitation of the working class. Many in the working class during the Industrial Revolution found themselves working in poor conditions for long hours, and in the end, they would be earning low wages. Meanwhile, the capitalists who had the funds available to open factories and become involved in manufacturing were gaining incredible wealth.
Marx's theories held that humanity was in the midst of a class struggle between the Bourgeoisie (owners of the means of production) and the Proletariat (working class). Marx opposed the capitalist system and believed that a global revolution would need to take place, in which the workers would take over the means of production and eliminate class from society. For those in the working class who were living under poor conditions during the Industrial Revolution, Marx's radical ideas may have been appealing, as they seem to promise better conditions.
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