In Shakespeare's comic masterpiece, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Nick Bottom, a weaver, is one of the local skilled craftsmen in the play who Puck calls the "rude mechanicals" [3.2.10].
In act 1, scene 2, Bottom is meeting with the other "rude mechanicals" to discuss the casting of a play that they're going to perform in four days at the celebration for the wedding of Theseus, Duke of Athens, and Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons.
Peter Quince, a carpenter and director of the play, tells the group that they're going to perform The Most Lamentable Comedy and Most Cruel Death of Pyramus and Thisbe, which Bottom assures them is "A very good piece of work, I assure you, and a merry" [1.2.13–14].
Quince assigns the role of Pyramus to Bottom.
BOTTOM: What is Pyramus? A lover, or a tyrant?
QUINCE: A lover, that kills himself most gallant for love. [1.2.19–20]
Bottom says that he'll play Pyramus remarkably well but that he would be better suited to play a tyrant, and he composes a monologue for the tyrant:
BOTTOM: That will ask some tears in the true performing ofit. If I do it, let the audience look to their eyes; I willmove storms; I will condole in some measure. To therest: yet my chief humor is for a tyrant. I could playErcles rarely, or a part to tear a cat in, to make allsplit.‘The raging rocksAnd shivering shocksShall break the locksOf prison gates;And Phibbus' carShall shine from far,And make and marThe foolish Fates.'This was lofty! Now name the rest of the players. [1.2.21–35]
When the merry band of actors meet later in the woods outside Athens to rehearse Pyramus and Thisbe, Bottom finds fault with the play and suggests ways that he could improve it by adding a monologue—what Bottom calls a "prologue"—that he will perform:
BOTTOM: There are things in this comedy of Pyramus andThisbe that will never please. . . .
I have a device to make all well. Writeme a prologue; and let the prologue seem to say we willdo no harm with our swords, and that Pyramus is notkill'd indeed; and for the more better assurance, tell themthat I Pyramus am not Pyramus, but Bottom the weaver. [3.1.8–9, 15–19]
Bottom also suggests that the ladies in the audience will be frightened by the Lion in Pyramus and Thisbe, so another "prologue" should be written for Snug, who plays the part of the Lion.
BOTTOM: Nay, you must name his name, and half his facemust be seen through the lion's neck; and he himselfmust speak through, saying thus, or to the same defect:—‘Ladies,’ —or ‘Fair ladies,—I would wish you’—or ‘Iwould request you’ —or ‘I would entreat you,—not tofear, not to tremble. My life for yours! If you think Icome hither as a lion, it were pity of my life. No, I amno such thing; I am a man as other men are.’ And there,indeed, let him name his name, and tell them plainly heis Snug the joiner. [3.1.33-42]
Bottom also has concerns about the moonlight and the wall where Pyramus and Thisbe meet, and through which they converse, but he doesn't suggest any other "prologues" be added to improve the play.
Once the actual rehearsal begins, Bottom makes his first entrance and says his first lines without incident, then leaves the "stage," followed by Puck, who happens upon the rehearsal, and decides to cause trouble.
PUCK: What hempen home-spuns have we swagg'ring here,So near the cradle of the fairy queen?What, a play toward! I'll be an auditor;An actor too perhaps, if I see cause. [3.1.70–73]
While Bottom is offstage preparing to return as Pyramus, Puck transforms Bottom's head into an ass's head. When Bottom returns, his head frightens off the other actors, and the play of A Midsummer Night's Dream continues.