A basic idea in this poem is that war is dehumanizing by causing us to kill people we would normally treat with friendly compassion. We kill these people, who are just like us, because we are told they are the enemy. However, the poem stresses the common humanity of the men who oppose one another in war.
Three quotes that support this idea are as follows. First, the narrator says in the first few lines that if he and the man he killed had "but met / By some ancient old inn," and not on the battlefield, they would not have killed each other. Instead, they would have had drinks together:
Wet [their tongues with] / Right many a nipperkin.
In lines 10 and 11, the narrator says he shot the man because he was his "foe," but he then goes on in lines 13-15 to stress the commonalities he imagines he and his dead foe shared: he says the man was probably unemployed like he was and then decided to enlist:
He thought he'd 'list, perhaps, / Off-hand like—just as I— / Was out of work
Finally, the narrator expands the idea that he killed a man like himself for no good reason by noting that it is "curious" that in war,
You shoot a fellow down / You'd treat, if met where any bar is, / Or help to half a crown.
In other words, all three quotes show how war warps the ordinary human tendency of people to do good for one another.
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