Libraries weren't possible until people developed a way to record their ideas in writing around 5,000–6,000 years ago, and the Sumerians are credited with developing the first writing system. Because of their location in Mesopotamia, they discovered that they could press reeds into wet clay to create marks that remained in the clay after it dried. This first system of writing was called cuneiform.
Archaeologists have discovered places where thousands of these huge tablets were stored by the Sumerians. It seems that the Sumerians stored each of these tablets one after another, in a series. The tablets recorded economic, commercial, and administrative records for the city. This organization of written records into a central location provides the backbone of the earliest libraries.
https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/development-libraries-ancient-world
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