The film Flags of Our Fathers is a dramatic interpretation of the Battle of Iwo Jima that does contain some historical accuracies to the battle itself and war in general. Speaking of the battle, the film accurately depicts the intense fighting that occurred upon landing. American troops faced an array of fire when landing because of the loose sand on the beach causing congestion. Japanese gunfire was unleashed from the cliffs above, resulting in many casualties. The most infamous scene of the film is that of the American flag being raised on Mount Suribachi. However, it is important to note that this iconic photo was of the second flag hoisted.
As for the accuracy of the conflict in general, the film gives a true sense of the survivor's guilt and elements of PTSD that plagued the soldiers. For example, one of the main characters, Ira Hayes, is seen later in the film struggling with guilt and depression. By all accounts, Ira was never comfortable with the inevitable fame that followed the iconic photo. He eventually succumbed to alcoholism and died.
This film is considered accurate by military historians. However, I would urge you to watch the film and identify the elements of survivor's guilt and PTSD that the characters show and build your essay around that. This is the accuracy that the film succeeds with the most.
http://www.californiaindianeducation.org/native_american_veterans/ira_hayes.html
Before you watch the film, it can be helpful to review what you have learned so far. Make a list of things to look out for, such as dates, places, battle names and descriptions, and note the actions and portrayals of historical figures. If you are still not fully confident in your judgement, pause the film from time to time and use your textbook(s), educational websites, and school library databases to do a quick bit of research. As you do this, immediately jot down any inconsistencies you notice. Don't forget to comment on accurate or factual portrayals of people and events in the film.
Definitely keep in mind the fact that there will, of course, be some error, as is the case with most film portrayals of true events. When you do notice an inaccuracy, do you think it takes away from the film or its message? Does it mislead the viewer and their understanding of the events? Take particular note of whether you feel this film condones/glorifies war or whether it discourages it? Explain why.
As with any movie or portrayal of historical events, there will be a degree of error, changes because of the movie making process, and over or under dramatifications. As far as accuracy I personally feel it is. It would be in your best interest to not only watch the movie, but research the war to compare and contrast what you see. You will be much more able to write an impressive essay with further background knowledge. Make sure when viewing the movie to follow the main plot not the subtleties that may not be as accurate in the movie. Best of luck!
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